Korišćenje genetskih podataka u pravu osiguranja
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Sve niže cene sprovođenja genetskih testiranja i dobijanja genetskih podataka ponovo dovode u fokus njihovo korišćenje od osiguravajućih društava. U tom smislu, značajna su dva pitanja iz perspektive prava osiguranja. Prvo je pitanje razmere obaveze osiguranika da u sklopu obaveze prijave okolnosti od značaja za procenu rizika prijavi informacije dobijene prilikom sprovođenja genetskih testova. Drugo je pitanje prava osiguravača da zahtevaju od budućih osiguranika da se podvrgnu genetskim testovima, što može doprineti informacionoj asimetriji između osiguranika i osiguravača.
Oba pitanja vode jednom širem pitanju, a to je da li osiguravajuća društva vrše diskriminaciju koristeći te podatke. Pravo osiguranja karakteriše jedna neminovnost, a to je razvrstavanje osiguranika u potklase i klase prema verovatnoći ostvarivanja osiguranog rizika. Zavisno od te klasifikacije, osiguravači donose odluke da li žele da zaključe ugovor o osiguranju sa potencijalnim osiguranikom ili ne, koliko će pokriće ponuditi i koliku će premiju zahtevati. Zbog toga je jasno da mogu postojati razmimoilaženja između toga šta osiguranik smatra pravednim i onoga što je aktuarski pravedno i opravdano za osiguravača.
Mnoge američke savezne države i evropske države usvojile su propise o zabrani genetske diskriminacije u pravu osiguranja. Rad će biti posvećen analizi njihove efikasnosti i tome da li vode računa o prirodi osiguranja i kakve to posledice ima na pristup zdravstvenoj zaštiti.
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