Time and the law apodictic and assertoric concepts and relationships

Abstract

Since time immemorial, humankind has asked itself questions that it has not been able to answer definitively to this day (e.g. what is life, consciousness, reason, will, nature, world, reality, present, etc.). In addition to numerous others, two more questions are included herein: what is time and what is the law? Although it seems that there is no meeting point between the concepts of time and the law, it cannot be denied that the law exists as well as time. It is just that they are not seen, but felt. Moreover, as the law can exist in time, so can time exist in the law, too. This means that the existence of time is a sine qua non condition for the law. However, the existence of the law is not a condition for the existence of time. Time can exist without the law and before the law, but it cannot exist without the world and before the world, i.e. without the Observer. The trouble is that even today no one has successfully answered what precedes the consideration of the connections between the law and time, and these are, first of all, the aforementioned apodictic questions of what time is and what the law is. It is only then that the assertoric themes of time in the law and the law in time can be considered. Two themes stand out. The first refers to the temporal validity of legal norms (e.g., types of validity and types of deadlines), and the second to the transformations of the law through human epochs. When it comes to transformations, one thing is certain: the development of power and the law took place from the hypothetical rule of gods and divine laws to the rule of human laws and rights which are not hypothetical. The shortcomings of both approaches show that human being, as an Observer or as a Participant, is an imperfect and tragic being, forced to use deception to maintain oneself in a world whose complete truth is unattainable for one.